Rowangchhari Upazila (bandarban district)  with an area of 442.89 sq km, is bounded by rajasthali and belaichhari upazilas on the north, ramu upazila on the south, Belaichhari and ramu upazilas on the east, bandarban sadar upazila on the west. Mountain range and forests cover most part of the upazila. The Shankha (sangu) flows along its southwestern border.

Rowangcchari (Town) consists of one mouza. The area of the town is 54.39 sq km. The town has population of 3583; male 56.88%, female 43.12%. The density of population is 66 per sq km. Literacy rate among the town people is 28.5%.

Administration Rowangchhari thana was established in 1976 and was turned into an upazila in 1985. It consists of 4 union parishads, 13 mouzas and 115 villages.

Population 17904; male 53.47%, female 46.53%. Muslim 8.34%, Buddist 74.41%, Hindu 1.2%, Christan 12.72%, others 3.33%. Major ethnic groups are Marma, Tripura, Tanchangya, Murong, Boam, Chakma, Khyang and Khumi.

Literacy rate and educational institutions Average literacy 16.2%; male 16.6%, female 6%.

Main occupations Agriculture 51.87%, forestry 12.49%, agricultural labourer 14.66%, wage labourer 5.07%, commerce 1.99%, service 4.66%, others 9.26%.

Land use As there had been no authentic survey in the upazila, figures on the amount of cultivable land are not available. Hill terraces are used for jhum cultivation and fruit plantation.

Land control Most part of the land is owned by the government. Tribal people of the upazila usually do not have documentary ownership of land. The Bomang Chief, however, exercises a system of land allotment through tribal power structure.

Value of land The market value of the land of the first grade is 25000 and Tk. 50000 per 0.01 hectare.

Main crops Sesame, cotton, turmeric, ginger and vegetables

Main fruits Banana, jackfruit.

Cottage industries include saw mills, indigenous wood processing units, bamboo and cane work, weaving, traditional ornaments making and household items making.

Main hats and bazars Rowangchhari Bazar, Buror and Goali Khala

Main exports Ginger, turmeric, vegetables.

Health centres Upazila health centre 1. [Atiqur Rahman]